Tempo
Tempo: A unit of time in chess: one move. Gaining a tempo means forcing the opponent to waste a move.
In-Depth Explanation
In chess, a tempo is essentially one move's worth of time. Developing with threats, forcing a piece to retreat, or making useful moves while the opponent responds to threats all gain tempi. Opening principles — develop pieces, castle early, don't move the same piece twice — exist largely to avoid losing tempi. In the endgame, tempo can decide zugzwang and opposition battles.
Related Strategy Terms
Zugzwang
A situation where a player is forced to make a move that will significantly weaken their position.
Opposition
A king-and-pawn endgame concept where kings face each other with one square between them; the player not to move holds the opposition.
Exchange Sacrifice
Giving up a rook for a bishop or knight to gain non-material compensation.
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Frequently Asked Questions
It means a useful developing or improving move that also creates a threat, so the opponent must respond instead of making their own plan.
The player who consistently gains tempi often holds the initiative — the ability to create threats that the opponent must answer.
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